Facts on Islam

Religion, Reason and Freedom
About the meaning of "liberal" in Liberal Islam

Islam | Islamic | muslim | Moslem

Date posted: 11/05/2003

Once again, Islam is not useful for people who have been denied the humanity itself. Because religion is not meant for donkeys.

By: Ulil Abshar-Abdalla

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There is a sense that is embedded in some people, the term "liberal" in liberal Islam to mean unlimited freedom, or even equated with permissiveness, ibahiyah; attitude tolerate any thing without knowing the exact boundaries. With such a perspective, liberal Islam is seen as a threat to the diversity that has been institutionalized.

( dk ) muslim prayer

In Islam, the "limit" (hadd) between what is allowed (permissible) and that should not be (mahdzur), occupies a central position. Every Muslim is always concerned with what he was doing, whether it's allowed or not pebuatan. This then gives rise to a very rich field of study and leaving thousands of sophisticated literature, namely the field of jurisprudence. Any discussion about the law is always the reference is fiqh. Once prompted lively discussion about the application of Islamic law, the jurisprudence becomes the focus of attention, because in fiqh was formulated largely Islamic law.

In these discussions, it appears once the emphasis given to "duty", which is a Muslim duty to God, others, and himself. Obligations more prominent languages, shut the language of human rights and freedoms. Liberal Islam appeared in the spirit to balance the "balance" between the language of obligation and freedom / rights. For that, let us enter into a basic theme in the debate of classical Islamic thought: a matter of human action (af'alul 'ibad).



Autonomous or not?

Let us begin with a simple question: whether humans can, with reason, intuition, and nature, reaching a deep understanding of good and evil? Is to know these things, man should menungguh revelation of the "sky"? What good is religion, if after all humans are able to reach their own understanding of "good" and "evil"? Do humans are morally autonomous in knowing good and evil, or depending on entities beyond themselves?

In this issue, there are two answers are available in the vocabulary of classical Islamic thought. There is a dominant Sunnis, with the view point that good and evil must be defined by religion. Humans learned that this action evil or good after getting instruction from religion. The second category is the view that human Mu'tazilah by his wits alone can determine the boundaries of good and evil, the limits of decency. Of course, to say that human reason can determine these boundaries, does not mean that the entire boundary is already known by the mind from day one. Human mind evolved, evolved, and will be more mature.

I am more inclined to the view of the Mu'tazilites. However, hope was realized that by accepting the Mu'tazilites, that does not mean I am dismissing the role of revelation in enrich the human mind to understand the limits of it. Each revelation brings a certain knowledge about the "good" and "evil". Revelation can uplift the human mind to a higher level and quality in order to better understand the limits. However, the revelation could be degrading to human reason, when the revelation was experiencing "vulgarization", that revelation has been hijacked by the interests of worldly moment. In order for that revelation can recover and get inegritasnya again as a source of morality, it is necessary to sense the responsible and full of integrity. We all know that revelation is like the horizon or infinite horizon. It's almost impossible for the human mind is limited to reach the entire horizon of revelation. Since the revelation horizon stretching it, then anyone can say anything on behalf of the revelation. Guarantee that revelation can be understood by the human mind exactly is integrity itself.

One of the traditions of the Prophet said, "al itsmu Nafsika wa ma fi haka karihta an yath-thali'a 'alaihin unlucky". Sin is something that cause turbidity and chaos in your heart, and you do not like other people see you do it. This hadith is a firm pressure to the ability of human beings, based on intuition, to achieve a true understanding of sin. Why is that? It must be known, that religion is a matter of first minute awareness / self-consciousness; religion is not an objective rule that can not be pushed by force from the outside. That is why, a hadith says "innamal a'malu bin niyyaat" truth, whatever action is not going to be action "genuine" without intention and encouragement emotive truly responsible. In another hadith says, "Mu'min niyyatul Khairun min 'amalihi" emotive intent and encouragement that are subjectively more noble than action. Regional intentions in the area of ​​human subjectivity; region has the characteristics of freedom. Thus, the objective rules set by religion, it is not meaningful in terms of religion if it is released from the subjective human motives.

I do not see any one idea in Islam in which men are placed as a passive object of moral. Human mind is an active participant in interpreting the ideas contained in the divine revelation. I never imagined that the revelations in the view of Islam considers "human world" as a Hobbesian world, dirty, brutal, temporary, and cunning, and therefore Revelation as a "leviathan" ruthless. Islam puts people in a position of dignity, as a "caliphate" that meets the divine duty to improve life on Earth. Popular Islamic outlooks often describes revelation as a "leviathan" kind of thing. Humans, in view of such a popular, often placed as "goods" completely empty of an independent motive. This is the vulgarization of Islam as ever appointed by prof. Khaled Abou El Fadl.

In situations that are "vulgar" kind of thing, the first thing to be restored is the human dignity itself. If man as a free moral subjects no longer exist or denied, what use is a religion? Qur'an repeatedly insinuated Jews as "donkey carrying volumes of books", matsalulladzina hummilut Taurata kamatsalil khimari yahmilu asfaara. Donkey will never be able to get any benefit from the items he brought. Revelation will not be useful for a donkey. And it's no use preaching the depth and fullness of revelation kepad ass. If man has been cleared of the motif, and its autonomy as a moral subject has been denied, what's left of human kind than the "body" is passive. The Prophet never bersaba, "ad dinu huwal 'aql, dina liman la la' aqla lahu", is the common religion, no religion for those who do not have sense.

Therefore, man's freedom is a matter of principle that can not be negotiable. Many people think that such a cause of human freedom rebel against religion and revelation. No one thinks that by limiting freedoms, they have protected the revelation. This is clearly the wrong view. Because, as human freedom is restricted, then the deepest dimensions of subtle revelations disclosed by humans would be difficult. Therefore, to understand the complexity of revelation, it takes a mature human reason. A hadith Qudsi which is popular among Sufis declare, "I (God) is 'kanzun makhfiyy' hidden treasure. I want to know, so I created man." This hadith gives an important affirmation that man was created to "explore" the hidden dimensions of the revelation and truth of God. It can not be happening if not assume the existence of human beings as free and autonomous subject.

( dk ) islamic prayer

People who say that giving freedom, you have menjerumuska humans to the brink of heresy, from the first minute they had been denying humanitarian values. Donkeys are always afraid of freedom, and are constantly looking for employers who can guide him. Indeed, Islam does not need people like that. The brilliance of Islam will only be possible because of the humans who think freely and then be able to reveal the deepest secrets of revelation.


Worship as the "I-Thou"

The ultimate goal of religion is to raise the dignity of humanity. Revelation is only a means toward it. The first focus in religion is man himself, not merely God. Is one of the popular conjecture that says that the main duty of man is "worship" God. This view comes from a misunderstanding on the verse "wa ma khalaqtul Jinna wal Insa liya'budun illa," and I did not

( kw ) Moslem

create humans except to worship Me. This verse, if understood in terms of the likely popular anti-humanistic, it could mean that religion is no other than human subjugation. Humans as if the threat to God and should be subordinated to his will. No more dirty understanding of the nature of divinity except this understanding. This view of man as Prometheus who clashed with the Lord is present in the ancient Greek myth. I see a growing popular view among Muslims about the verse tends to an image of man as Prometheus. The difference, Prometheus Prometheus version of Islam was defeated by the will of God. This is obviously a human image that does not comply with the spirit of Islam. I disagree with the translation of the word "worship" as worship, or "worship" in English. Therefore, worship has a negative meaning in some way.

( dk ) facts about islam

Assume that the object of worship "worship" is an object that is "dead", in-reification, in-fixation. Worship is always a one-sided process, not a process dialogal who lived between subject and subject. If placed within the framework of the philosophy of Martin Buber about relationships between people, worship is a form of relationship between God and man in a relationship "I-it", "I-and-her". God, in the framework of such worship, has been "dibendakan". Allah is the God worshiped diberhalakan, which in-fixation in the picture remains as an "idol". It is my view that humans should relate to God is not that way. The exact relationship between man and God is a relationship in terms of "I-Thou" I-Thou. Religion based on the worship of the relationship in terms of "I-it" will only be degrading to human dignity, and God himself. The meaning of the verse is better understood as the God-man relationship in the model of "I-Thou", not worship, but dialogal creative process.

( kw ) Interestingfacts About Islam

Worship of God does not have any meaning if it is not placed within the framework of a free human being as a subject, with a mind that works freely. The Qur'an says, "qad tabayyanar rushdu minal ghayy", has clearly the path of good and apostasy. "Fa man sya'a yu'min fal fal yakfur sya'a wan man," if people want to, he must believe in the way it is, and if you like, he should not deny it. These facts are so clearly set out in the primary sources of Islam, the Qur'an and the Hadith. However, historical processes in the religion of Islam itself has transformed it into a religion of law which is based to the force, with more emphasis languages ​​obligations. Nothing is more dangerous to Islam than to try to change the character of the view that religion is the religion of nature, a religious laws enforced on coercion.

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The conclusion that I want to go from the reviews were a bit "complex" and length is that by putting the word "liberal" in Islam, I want to reiterate sesunggunya dimension of freedom in Islam which anchor is the "intent" or impulses in the human-subjective emotive itself. And should the word liberal in "liberal Islam" is understood in terms of this kind. The word "liberal" here has nothing to do with freedom without limits, with the permissive attitudes that counteract the tendency of "intrinsic" in the human mind itself. By re-emphasizing the human dimension of freedom, and put a man on the focus of religious appreciation, then we have to restore the integrity and the Islamic revelation itself.

Once again, Islam is not useful for people who have been denied the humanity itself. Because religion is not meant for donkeys.

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Islamic Center

Islamic information

Islam | Islamic | muslim | Moslem

Aspects of language

Islam comes from the Arabic word aslama-Yuslimu Islamization of language which means 'Save' example text 'Assalamu Alaikum' which means Hope Salvation accompany you all. Islam / Islamization is Masdar / language nouns as a pointer of ficil / verb ie 'aslama' = Has Congratulations (Past Tense) and 'Yuslimu' = Salvation (Past Continuous Tense)

( kw ) IslamFact

The word triliteral Semitic 'SLM' lose some important terms in the understanding of Islam, Islam and Muslims. All this stems from the word Salam which means peace. [7] The word Islam, more specifically derived from the Arabic aslama, which means "to accept, surrender or submit" and in more distant to God. [8]
Humanitarian aspects

Thus, Islam means acceptance of and submission to God, and believers must demonstrate this by worshiping him, following his commands, and avoiding polytheism. These words give some meaning of the Qur'an. In some verses, the quality of Islam as a belief affirmed: "Whoever Allah wills will give him instructions, he certainly paved the chest to (embrace Islam) ..." [9] Another verse linking Islam and Din (usually translated as "religion" ): "... This day have I perfected for you your religion, and I'd had both ends My favor unto you, and I'd had it so ridhai Islam religion for you." [10] But there are others who describe Islam the act of returning to God-more than just a statement of faith ratification. [11]
Confidence

( dk ) muslim culture

Basic beliefs of Islam can be found in two sentences shahādatāin ("two sentences testimony"), which is "an-laa ilaaha asyhadu illallaah, wa anna Muhammadan asyhadu rasuulullaah" - which means "I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ". Its essence is the principle of the unity of God and the recognition of the prophethood of Muhammad. But when a person believes and then utter two sentences testimony, it can be considered to have become a Muslim in the status of converts (who recently converted from old beliefs).

Muslims believe that Allah sent Muhammad as the last prophet after the coming of the Prophet Isa 6 centuries earlier. Religion Islam holds that the Qur'an and the Sunnah (sayings and deeds of Muhammad any) as the source of law and fundamental rule of life. [12] They do not regard Muhammad as pengasas new religion, but as a reformer successor and monotheistic beliefs which was revealed to Abraham , Moses, Jesus, and the prophets of the same God. Islam insists that Judaism and Christianity later after the departure of the prophets have deflect revelation that God has given to the prophets of this by changing the text in the Bible, introducing a false interpretation, or both. [13]

Muslims believe the Koran was also given by Allah to Muhammad. through the medium of the Angel Gabriel is perfect and there is no doubt in it (Al-Baqarah [2]: 2). In the Qur'an, God has also promised to keep the authenticity of the Qur'an until the end of time.

( dk ) muslims

As for as stated in the Qur'an, Muslims are obliged to have faith and believe in the truth of scripture, and His word are revealed before the Qur'an (Psalms, the Torah, the Gospel and the prophets suhuf others) through the prophet and the apostles passed away before Muhammad. [14] Muslims also believe that in addition to the Qur'an, the word of God throughout History have changed by humans. Referring to the above sentence, then Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the only book of God that is completely original and as a complement previous books.

Muslims believe that the religion professed by all the prophets and messengers of God's messengers since Adam is the same religion (monotheism | the same God), so of course Ibrahim also embraced monotheism as Hanif (pure), making this a Muslim. [15] [16] This view was put Islam with Judaism and Christianity in a religious family that believed in the Prophet Ibrahim. In the Koran, the Jews and Christians are often referred to as the People of the Book or the people who were given the Book.
Five Pillars of Islam
The main article for this section are: Pillars of Islam

Islam gives a lot of religious practice. Adherents are generally encouraged to hold the Five Pillars of Islam, the five pillars unite Muslims as a community. [17] Adds Five Pillars, Islamic law (sharia) has built a tradition of commands that have been touched on almost every aspect of life and society. This tradition encompasses everything from practical things like halal, banking, jihad and zakat. [18]

The contents of the five pillars of Islam are:

( dk ) moslem or muslim

    Say two sentences creed and believe that no right to be obeyed and worshiped properly except Allah alone, and believe that Muhammad is His slave and messenger of Allah.
    Establish obligatory prayers five times a day.
    Fasting the month of Ramadan.
    Paying zakat.
    Pilgrimage to Mecca for those who are able.

Six Pillars of Faith
The main article for this section are: Pillars of Faith

Muslims also believe in the Five Pillars of Faith consisted of 6 cases, namely:

    Faith in God
    Faith in God's angels
    Faith in the Book of Allāh (Al-Qur'an, Bible, Torah, Psalms and suhuf)
    Faith in the Prophets and Messengers of God
    Faith in the Day of Judgement
    Faith in Qada and Qadar


Teachings of Islam

Almost all Muslims belong to one of the two largest schools, the Sunni (85%) and Shia (15%). Problems occur due to differing views on who should lead the Muslims after the death of Muhammad. Islam is the predominant religion throughout the Middle East, as well as in most of North Africa and Asia. Large communities are also found in China, the Balkan Peninsula in Eastern Europe and Russia. There is also largely Muslim immigrant communities in other parts of the world, such as Western Europe. About 20% of Muslims live in Arab countries, [19] 30% in India and 15.6% subbenua in Indonesia, the largest Muslim country based on population. [20]

Countries with majority Sunni Muslims is Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan while the country with the majority Shia Islam is Iran and Iraq. Between Sunni and Shia doctrine differ on the issue of Imamate (leadership) and laying of Ahlul Bait (family of descendants of Muhammad). However, both Sunni and Shia in general holds together the pillars of Islam and the pillars of faith which is a fundamental aspect of faith in Islam although with different terminology.
God
The main article for this section is: Allah and Tawheed

Fundamental theological concept of Islam is monotheism, the belief in the oneness of God. Arabic term for God is god; most scientists [citation needed] believe the word of God derived from the abbreviation of the words al-(the) and ʾ ilah '(god, the masculine form), meaning to "God" (al-ilah'), but others stamped origin of the Aramaic Alāhā. [21] The word of God is also a word used by Christians (Christians) and the Jews as a translation of the Arabic ho theos of the New Testament and the Septuagint. The first of the Five Pillars of Islam, monotheism set forth in the creeds (recognition), which is testified:
'

لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله

There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah
'

The concept of monotheism is set out clearly and simply in the Qur'an in Surah Al-Ikhlas which translation is:

    Say: "He is Allah (God), the Almighty,
    God is a God who depend on Him everything,
    She did not have children and no begotten;
    and none like unto Him. "

The name "Allah" has no plural form and is not associated with a particular gender. In Islam, as presented in the Qur'an says:

    "(He is) the Creator of the heavens and the earth. He made for you of your own and pairs of animal species pairs (anyway), made him the way you breed it. There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All Hearing and Seeing. " (Ash-Syu'ara '[42]: 11)

Allah is the name of God (gods) and the one and only God as his introduction to the man through the Qur'an:

    "Indeed I was God, there is no God (the right) but Me, so worship Me and establish salat to remember Me." (Ta Ha [20]: 14)

( kw ) muslim brotherhood

The use of the word Allah linguistically indicates unity. Muslims believe that the God they worship is the same God Jews and Christians, in this case is the God of Abraham. However, Islam rejects the Christian doctrine concerning the Trinity understands where it is considered to be polytheism.

Quoting the Koran, An-Nisa '[4]: 71:

    "O People of the Book, do not transgress the limits in the religion, nor say of Allah anything but the truth. Indeed, the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah, and (who created his sentence) conveyed unto Mary, and (with a puff ) spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His apostles. And say: "God is three", stop from saying it. It's better for you. Verily Allah Almighty God. Maha holy God from having children, everything in the heavens and on earth belongs to Him. Sufficient is Allah as the Sustainer ".

In Islam, visualization or portrayal of God can not be justified, it is forbidden because it could lead to idolatry, and even contempt, for the Lord is not similar to anything (Ash-Syu'ara '[42]: 11). Instead, Muslims describe God in 99 name / title / epithet of God (Beautiful Names and Attributes) that describes the nature of His divinity, as contained in the Qur'an.
Al-Quran
The main article for this section are: Al Quran
Al-Fatiha is the first surah in the Qur'an

The Qur'an is the holy book of the Islamic Ummah which Allah revealed to Muhammad through the mediation of the Angel Gabriel. It literally means reading the Quran. But even heard referring to a book / book, Muslims the Qur'an itself refers more to words or phrases in them, not in the physical form as a result of mold.

Muslims believe that the Qur'an was delivered to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. The drop itself occurs gradually between the years 610 to 632 AD until his death Although the Qur'an more transferred through rote, but in addition many followers of Islam in those days who wrote on the bones, stones and leaves.

Muslims believe that the Qur'an is currently identical to that submitted to Muhammad, then submitted again to the disciples, who then memorize and write the contents of the Qur'an. In general, the scholars agree that the version of the Qur'an that exists today was first compiled during the Caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan (the 3rd Caliph of Islam) that ranged from 650 to 656 AD Uthman ibn Affan then send copies of this compilation versions all over the period of Muslim rule and ordered that all versions in addition to uniformity destroyed. [22]

The Qur'an has 114 chapters, and some 6236 verses (there is a difference depending on how the count). [23] Almost all Muslims memorize at least some portion of the whole Qur'an, those who memorize the entire Qur'an are known as hafiz (plural: huffaz). Achieving this is not something that is rare, it is believed that there are currently millions penghapal the Qur'an throughout the world. In Indonesia there are race Musabaqah Tilawatil Qur'an Qur'an reading contest with Tartil or good and true. That reading is called Qari (male) or Qariah (female).

Muslims also believe that the Holy Quran in Arabic only. The translation of the Qur'an into different languages ​​is not the Qur'an itself. Therefore the translation only has standing as a commentary on the Qur'an or form an attempt to find the meaning of the Qur'an, but not the Qur'an itself.
Prophet Muhammad S.A.W
The main article for this section are: Muhammad and the Hadith

Muhammad (570-632 AD) was the last prophet in Islam, which recognizes his Prophethood is one of the requirements to be called a Muslim (see creed). In Islam Muhammad is not positioned as a carrier of the new school, it is the end of a series of prophets who revealed earlier.

In spite of the high status as a prophet, Muhammad in the view of Islam is a human being. But every word and behavior in life believed to be the ideal form of a Muslim. Therefore, in Islam, the technical term which is a collection of sayings hadith (words), act, consent decree or Muhammad. Hadith is the main text (the source of law) both Islam after the Qur'an.
History
The main article for this section are: History of Islam
Before the arrival of Islam

Arabian Peninsula before the arrival of Islam is a regional trade crossing the Silk Road that linked Europe with Indo Asian region in the east. Most Arabs are heathens and there are some who are followers of religions Christianity and Judaism. Mecca is a holy place for the Arabs at the time, because there are idols of their religion, the lake of Zamzam, and most importantly the Kaaba. This society also called ignorance or in another sense stupid. Intelegensianya stupid here but not in the moral thinking. Residents Quraysh famous people who like poetry. They make poetry as one of the entertainment while gathered in crowded places.
The beginning
Countries with a Muslim population reaches 10% (predominantly Sunni green, red with the dominant Shiite) (Source - CIA World Factbook, 2004).

Islam began in the year 611 when the first revelation was revealed to the last messenger, Muhammad bin Abdullah at the Cave of Hira ', Saudi Arabia.

Muhammad was born in Mecca on 12th Rabiul Awal Year of the Elephant (571 BC). He was born in the middle of the Quraish tribe in the time of ignorance, in the life of the desert tribes were warlike, and worshiped idols. Muhammad was born in an orphan because his father Abdullah died when he was still in the womb. On when he was 6 years old, his mother Aminah died. Sepeninggalan mother, Muhammad was raised by his grandfather Abdul Muttalib, and continued by his uncle, Abu Talib. Muhammad married a widow named Siti Khadijah and live simply.
As-Sabiqun al-Awwalun
The main article for this section are: As-Sabiqun al-Awwalun

When Muhammad was 40 years old, he started getting revelations Angel Gabriel, and for some time afterwards began to teach Islam in private to his companions. After three years of preaching Islam in secret, he finally delivered the teachings of Islam openly to the entire population of Mecca, which partially accepted and others against it.
( kw ) Muslim Brotherhood
In 622 AD, Muhammad and his followers moved to Medina. This event is called the Hijrah, it becomes a point of reference the beginning of the Islamic calendar calculations. In Medina, Muhammad can unite people Ansar (the Muslims of Madinah) and muhajirin (the Muslims from Mecca), so that Muslims intensified. In any war waged against the infidels, the Muslims always get the victory. In this initial phase, the inevitable war between Mecca and Medina.

Muhammad diplomacy Excellence at Hudaibiyah treaty, causing Muslims entering the crucial phase. Many residents of Mecca before the enemy then turned to Islam, so that when the conquest of Mecca by the Muslims not bloodshed. When Muhammad died, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.
Rashidun Caliph
The main article for this section are: four caliphs

Rashidun Caliph or four caliphs leaders have the meanings given instructions, beginning with the leadership of Abu Bakr, and continued by the leadership of Umar bin Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan and Ali ibn Abu Talib. At the time of the Muslims achieve political and economic stability. Abu Bakr strengthen the foundations of the Muslim state and overcome the rebellion several Arab tribes that occurred after the death of Muhammad. Umar bin Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan and Ali ibn Abu Talib successfully led the army and the Muslims in general to preach Islam, particularly the Levant, Egypt, and Iraq. With the conquest of these countries, many spoils of war and the territory that can be achieved by Muslims.
The period of the next Caliphate

After a period of Rashidun Caliphate, the Muslim leadership changed from hand to hand with a leader who is also called the "caliphate", or sometimes called the "Commander of the Faithful", "sultan", and so on. During this period, the Caliph is no longer determined by the best people among Muslims, but for generations in a dynasty (Arabic: children) so much as the equivalent of the kingdom; such as the Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Bani, Bani Ottomans until all of which inherited by offspring.

( kw ) Fun Fact about Islam
The magnitude of the power of the Islamic Caliphate has made it one of the strongest political force and the largest in the world at that time. The emergence of learning places of religious sciences, philosophy, science, and Arabic grammar in the various regions of the Islamic world has been realizing the great continuity of Islamic culture. Many experts in science sprung from various Islamic countries, especially in the golden age of Islam around the 7th century to the 13th century BC.

The extent of the area spread of Islam and splitting rule of the caliphate that had begun in the 8th century, led to the emergence of separate power authorities in the form of "empire"; example Safavid Empire, Turkish Seljuk Sultanate, the Mughal Empire, Sultanate of Pasai Ocean and the Malacca Sultanate, which has become sultanates which has a strong and well-known authority in the world. Despite having separate powers, sultanates are nominally still respect and consider themselves part of the Islamic caliphate.

In the period of the 18th and the 19th century AD, many Islamic regions fell into the hands of the European invaders. Ottoman Sultanate (Ottoman Empire) were nominally considered the last Islamic Caliphate, finally collapsed after World War I. Royal ottoman at the time was headed by Sultan Muhammad V. Because they are less firmly by the young Turks led by mustafa kemal pasha or kemal Ataturk, overhauled and replaced the monarchy into a republic.
Demography
Quba Mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia.

It is now estimated there are between 1250 million and 1.4 billion Muslims throughout the world. Of these about 18% live in the Arab countries, 20% in Africa, 20% in Asia, 30% in South Asia ie Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The largest Muslim population in the country can be found in Indonesia. Muslim populations can also be found in significant numbers in the People's Republic of China, the United States, Europe, Central Asia, and Russia.

Growth Muslims believed to reach 2.9% per year, while the world population growth only reached 2.3%. The size makes Islam as a religion with followers of a relatively rapid growth in the world. [1]. Some opinions linking growth with high fertility in many Islamic countries (six of the ten countries in the world with the highest birth rate in the world is a Muslim-majority state. [2] But recently, a demographic study has stated that the birth rate of Muslim countries decreases to the level of Western countries. [3]
Big Day in Islam

    Idhul Adha / Eid Qurban
    Idhul Fitr
    Friday

Places of worship
The main article for this section are: Mosque

The house of worship is called a mosque or a Muslim mosque. Worship is usually done in the mosque among other prayers in congregation, religious services, celebrations, religious discussions, learning the Koran (Quran reading) and others.

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Label: Islam, Islamic

Islam | Islamic | Muslim

Islam | Islamic | muslim | Moslem

 

Islam Liberal Indonesia

Mengenai Islam Liberal Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL) or the Liberal Islam Network is a loose forum for discussing and disseminating the concept of islamic liberal in IndonesiaOne reason for its establishment is to counter the growing influence and activism of  Islam Way and radical Islam in Indonesia. The "official" description of JIL is "a community which is studying and bringing forth a discourse on Islamic vision that is tolerant, open and supportive for the strengthening of Indonesian democratization."

It was started from several meetings and discussions among young Muslim intellectuals in ISAI(Institut Studi Arus Informasi/Institute for the Studies on Free Flow of Information), Jakarta, and then extended through discussion using a mailing list, islamliberal@yahoogroups.com in early 2001. The founders held the first discussion on February 21, 2001, in Utan Kayu, Jakarta, on Akar-Akar Liberalisme Islam: Pengalaman Timur Tengah (The Roots of Islamic Liberalism: The Middle East Experience), presented by a young progressive scholar,Luthfi Assyalkanie. That meeting was followed by other discussions, either in the form of face-to-face meetings or through the mailing list.
Since mid 2001, the "official" name of Jaringan Islam Liberal has been used on their website, liberal islam, which displays their activities, articles, discussions, and relevant sources for the dissemination of liberal Islam. Their place of meeting and secretariat is in Teater Utan Kayu, Jakarta, a complex owned by Islam Chanel, a leading journalist and author, and used for arts performances and by non-governmental organizations. By now, the network is led by liberal young thinker, Ulil Abshar Abdalla, who is also the director of ICRP - Indonesian Conference on Religion Pacts .

Mission

For the proponents of JIL, using liberal Islam in the name of their forum is intended to make a clear point. Liberal Islam represents an Islam that emphasizes individual freedom in accordance with the Muta'zilah (or Mu'tazilite) doctrine of human freedom and liberation of socio-political structure from oppressive and undemocratic domination. The adjective "liberal" for the activists in JIL has two meanings: "being liberal" and "liberating." They use this adjective because they do not believe in Islam and The Koran, Islam without an adjective, since in reality Islam has many different interpretations. Therefore, liberal Islam is another variant of Islam and an alternative to Jaringan Islam Liberal, Islamic fundamentalism, radical Islam, and many others.

Activities

Since its inception, JIL has conducted many regular activities concerning public education. With the assistance from funding agencies such as facts on islam, JIL is able to voice liberal, tolerant aspirations and interpretations of Islam in Indonesia. Activities and programs of JIL include:

• Syndication of liberal Islam writers. This is the most important program undertaken by JIL. This program is intended to collect writings from authors who defend pluralism and inclusivism and disseminate them to local mass media which have difficulties in finding good writings and writers on those issues. This syndication provides selected articles, interviews, and sources every week for local newspapers.
• Talk-shows in the news office of Islamic Prayer Times, Jakarta. The talk-show, which interviews those who promote pluralism and an inclusive understanding of religion, is broadcast through 40 radio stations in the Namlapanha radio network across Indonesia. This program is the most effective effort to disseminate liberal Islam.
• Publication of books on liberal thoughts in religion.
• Publication of booklets or leaflets which contain a short article, interview, or abstract from books on controversial issues in religion.
• Publication of the JIL Islam Pacts for Children, which displays information and relevant writings on liberal Islam.
• Public service advertisements on television which contain messages for religious toleration and peaceful co-existence among different religious followers and pluralism in Islam.
• Discussion of Islam. With cooperation from other institutions, JIL arranges discussions on Islam with distinguished speakers from all over the world.
• Road-show doctrinate the idea of liberal Islam which are held on campuses in Indonesia with the cooperation of student organizations.

Facts on Islam

Religion, Reason and Freedom
About the meaning of "liberal" in Liberal Islam

Islam | Islamic | muslim | Moslem

Date posted: 11/05/2003

Once again, Islam is not useful for people who have been denied the humanity itself. Because religion is not meant for donkeys.

By: Ulil Abshar-Abdalla

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There is a sense that is embedded in some people, the term "liberal" in liberal Islam to mean unlimited freedom, or even equated with permissiveness, ibahiyah; attitude tolerate any thing without knowing the exact boundaries. With such a perspective, liberal Islam is seen as a threat to the diversity that has been institutionalized.

( dk ) muslim prayer

In Islam, the "limit" (hadd) between what is allowed (permissible) and that should not be (mahdzur), occupies a central position. Every Muslim is always concerned with what he was doing, whether it's allowed or not pebuatan. This then gives rise to a very rich field of study and leaving thousands of sophisticated literature, namely the field of jurisprudence. Any discussion about the law is always the reference is fiqh. Once prompted lively discussion about the application of Islamic law, the jurisprudence becomes the focus of attention, because in fiqh was formulated largely Islamic law.

In these discussions, it appears once the emphasis given to "duty", which is a Muslim duty to God, others, and himself. Obligations more prominent languages, shut the language of human rights and freedoms. Liberal Islam appeared in the spirit to balance the "balance" between the language of obligation and freedom / rights. For that, let us enter into a basic theme in the debate of classical Islamic thought: a matter of human action (af'alul 'ibad).



Autonomous or not?

Let us begin with a simple question: whether humans can, with reason, intuition, and nature, reaching a deep understanding of good and evil? Is to know these things, man should menungguh revelation of the "sky"? What good is religion, if after all humans are able to reach their own understanding of "good" and "evil"? Do humans are morally autonomous in knowing good and evil, or depending on entities beyond themselves?

In this issue, there are two answers are available in the vocabulary of classical Islamic thought. There is a dominant Sunnis, with the view point that good and evil must be defined by religion. Humans learned that this action evil or good after getting instruction from religion. The second category is the view that human Mu'tazilah by his wits alone can determine the boundaries of good and evil, the limits of decency. Of course, to say that human reason can determine these boundaries, does not mean that the entire boundary is already known by the mind from day one. Human mind evolved, evolved, and will be more mature.

I am more inclined to the view of the Mu'tazilites. However, hope was realized that by accepting the Mu'tazilites, that does not mean I am dismissing the role of revelation in enrich the human mind to understand the limits of it. Each revelation brings a certain knowledge about the "good" and "evil". Revelation can uplift the human mind to a higher level and quality in order to better understand the limits. However, the revelation could be degrading to human reason, when the revelation was experiencing "vulgarization", that revelation has been hijacked by the interests of worldly moment. In order for that revelation can recover and get inegritasnya again as a source of morality, it is necessary to sense the responsible and full of integrity. We all know that revelation is like the horizon or infinite horizon. It's almost impossible for the human mind is limited to reach the entire horizon of revelation. Since the revelation horizon stretching it, then anyone can say anything on behalf of the revelation. Guarantee that revelation can be understood by the human mind exactly is integrity itself.

One of the traditions of the Prophet said, "al itsmu Nafsika wa ma fi haka karihta an yath-thali'a 'alaihin unlucky". Sin is something that cause turbidity and chaos in your heart, and you do not like other people see you do it. This hadith is a firm pressure to the ability of human beings, based on intuition, to achieve a true understanding of sin. Why is that? It must be known, that religion is a matter of first minute awareness / self-consciousness; religion is not an objective rule that can not be pushed by force from the outside. That is why, a hadith says "innamal a'malu bin niyyaat" truth, whatever action is not going to be action "genuine" without intention and encouragement emotive truly responsible. In another hadith says, "Mu'min niyyatul Khairun min 'amalihi" emotive intent and encouragement that are subjectively more noble than action. Regional intentions in the area of ​​human subjectivity; region has the characteristics of freedom. Thus, the objective rules set by religion, it is not meaningful in terms of religion if it is released from the subjective human motives.

I do not see any one idea in Islam in which men are placed as a passive object of moral. Human mind is an active participant in interpreting the ideas contained in the divine revelation. I never imagined that the revelations in the view of Islam considers "human world" as a Hobbesian world, dirty, brutal, temporary, and cunning, and therefore Revelation as a "leviathan" ruthless. Islam puts people in a position of dignity, as a "caliphate" that meets the divine duty to improve life on Earth. Popular Islamic outlooks often describes revelation as a "leviathan" kind of thing. Humans, in view of such a popular, often placed as "goods" completely empty of an independent motive. This is the vulgarization of Islam as ever appointed by prof. Khaled Abou El Fadl.

In situations that are "vulgar" kind of thing, the first thing to be restored is the human dignity itself. If man as a free moral subjects no longer exist or denied, what use is a religion? Qur'an repeatedly insinuated Jews as "donkey carrying volumes of books", matsalulladzina hummilut Taurata kamatsalil khimari yahmilu asfaara. Donkey will never be able to get any benefit from the items he brought. Revelation will not be useful for a donkey. And it's no use preaching the depth and fullness of revelation kepad ass. If man has been cleared of the motif, and its autonomy as a moral subject has been denied, what's left of human kind than the "body" is passive. The Prophet never bersaba, "ad dinu huwal 'aql, dina liman la la' aqla lahu", is the common religion, no religion for those who do not have sense.

Therefore, man's freedom is a matter of principle that can not be negotiable. Many people think that such a cause of human freedom rebel against religion and revelation. No one thinks that by limiting freedoms, they have protected the revelation. This is clearly the wrong view. Because, as human freedom is restricted, then the deepest dimensions of subtle revelations disclosed by humans would be difficult. Therefore, to understand the complexity of revelation, it takes a mature human reason. A hadith Qudsi which is popular among Sufis declare, "I (God) is 'kanzun makhfiyy' hidden treasure. I want to know, so I created man." This hadith gives an important affirmation that man was created to "explore" the hidden dimensions of the revelation and truth of God. It can not be happening if not assume the existence of human beings as free and autonomous subject.

( dk ) islamic prayer

People who say that giving freedom, you have menjerumuska humans to the brink of heresy, from the first minute they had been denying humanitarian values. Donkeys are always afraid of freedom, and are constantly looking for employers who can guide him. Indeed, Islam does not need people like that. The brilliance of Islam will only be possible because of the humans who think freely and then be able to reveal the deepest secrets of revelation.


Worship as the "I-Thou"

The ultimate goal of religion is to raise the dignity of humanity. Revelation is only a means toward it. The first focus in religion is man himself, not merely God. Is one of the popular conjecture that says that the main duty of man is "worship" God. This view comes from a misunderstanding on the verse "wa ma khalaqtul Jinna wal Insa liya'budun illa," and I did not

( kw ) Moslem

create humans except to worship Me. This verse, if understood in terms of the likely popular anti-humanistic, it could mean that religion is no other than human subjugation. Humans as if the threat to God and should be subordinated to his will. No more dirty understanding of the nature of divinity except this understanding. This view of man as Prometheus who clashed with the Lord is present in the ancient Greek myth. I see a growing popular view among Muslims about the verse tends to an image of man as Prometheus. The difference, Prometheus Prometheus version of Islam was defeated by the will of God. This is obviously a human image that does not comply with the spirit of Islam. I disagree with the translation of the word "worship" as worship, or "worship" in English. Therefore, worship has a negative meaning in some way.

( dk ) facts about islam

Assume that the object of worship "worship" is an object that is "dead", in-reification, in-fixation. Worship is always a one-sided process, not a process dialogal who lived between subject and subject. If placed within the framework of the philosophy of Martin Buber about relationships between people, worship is a form of relationship between God and man in a relationship "I-it", "I-and-her". God, in the framework of such worship, has been "dibendakan". Allah is the God worshiped diberhalakan, which in-fixation in the picture remains as an "idol". It is my view that humans should relate to God is not that way. The exact relationship between man and God is a relationship in terms of "I-Thou" I-Thou. Religion based on the worship of the relationship in terms of "I-it" will only be degrading to human dignity, and God himself. The meaning of the verse is better understood as the God-man relationship in the model of "I-Thou", not worship, but dialogal creative process.

( kw ) Interestingfacts About Islam

Worship of God does not have any meaning if it is not placed within the framework of a free human being as a subject, with a mind that works freely. The Qur'an says, "qad tabayyanar rushdu minal ghayy", has clearly the path of good and apostasy. "Fa man sya'a yu'min fal fal yakfur sya'a wan man," if people want to, he must believe in the way it is, and if you like, he should not deny it. These facts are so clearly set out in the primary sources of Islam, the Qur'an and the Hadith. However, historical processes in the religion of Islam itself has transformed it into a religion of law which is based to the force, with more emphasis languages ​​obligations. Nothing is more dangerous to Islam than to try to change the character of the view that religion is the religion of nature, a religious laws enforced on coercion.

( dk ) hijab

The conclusion that I want to go from the reviews were a bit "complex" and length is that by putting the word "liberal" in Islam, I want to reiterate sesunggunya dimension of freedom in Islam which anchor is the "intent" or impulses in the human-subjective emotive itself. And should the word liberal in "liberal Islam" is understood in terms of this kind. The word "liberal" here has nothing to do with freedom without limits, with the permissive attitudes that counteract the tendency of "intrinsic" in the human mind itself. By re-emphasizing the human dimension of freedom, and put a man on the focus of religious appreciation, then we have to restore the integrity and the Islamic revelation itself.

Once again, Islam is not useful for people who have been denied the humanity itself. Because religion is not meant for donkeys.

( kw ) IslamicArchitecture

 

Islamic Center

Islamic information

Islam | Islamic | muslim | Moslem

Aspects of language

Islam comes from the Arabic word aslama-Yuslimu Islamization of language which means 'Save' example text 'Assalamu Alaikum' which means Hope Salvation accompany you all. Islam / Islamization is Masdar / language nouns as a pointer of ficil / verb ie 'aslama' = Has Congratulations (Past Tense) and 'Yuslimu' = Salvation (Past Continuous Tense)

( kw ) IslamFact

The word triliteral Semitic 'SLM' lose some important terms in the understanding of Islam, Islam and Muslims. All this stems from the word Salam which means peace. [7] The word Islam, more specifically derived from the Arabic aslama, which means "to accept, surrender or submit" and in more distant to God. [8]
Humanitarian aspects

Thus, Islam means acceptance of and submission to God, and believers must demonstrate this by worshiping him, following his commands, and avoiding polytheism. These words give some meaning of the Qur'an. In some verses, the quality of Islam as a belief affirmed: "Whoever Allah wills will give him instructions, he certainly paved the chest to (embrace Islam) ..." [9] Another verse linking Islam and Din (usually translated as "religion" ): "... This day have I perfected for you your religion, and I'd had both ends My favor unto you, and I'd had it so ridhai Islam religion for you." [10] But there are others who describe Islam the act of returning to God-more than just a statement of faith ratification. [11]
Confidence

( dk ) muslim culture

Basic beliefs of Islam can be found in two sentences shahādatāin ("two sentences testimony"), which is "an-laa ilaaha asyhadu illallaah, wa anna Muhammadan asyhadu rasuulullaah" - which means "I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ". Its essence is the principle of the unity of God and the recognition of the prophethood of Muhammad. But when a person believes and then utter two sentences testimony, it can be considered to have become a Muslim in the status of converts (who recently converted from old beliefs).

Muslims believe that Allah sent Muhammad as the last prophet after the coming of the Prophet Isa 6 centuries earlier. Religion Islam holds that the Qur'an and the Sunnah (sayings and deeds of Muhammad any) as the source of law and fundamental rule of life. [12] They do not regard Muhammad as pengasas new religion, but as a reformer successor and monotheistic beliefs which was revealed to Abraham , Moses, Jesus, and the prophets of the same God. Islam insists that Judaism and Christianity later after the departure of the prophets have deflect revelation that God has given to the prophets of this by changing the text in the Bible, introducing a false interpretation, or both. [13]

Muslims believe the Koran was also given by Allah to Muhammad. through the medium of the Angel Gabriel is perfect and there is no doubt in it (Al-Baqarah [2]: 2). In the Qur'an, God has also promised to keep the authenticity of the Qur'an until the end of time.

( dk ) muslims

As for as stated in the Qur'an, Muslims are obliged to have faith and believe in the truth of scripture, and His word are revealed before the Qur'an (Psalms, the Torah, the Gospel and the prophets suhuf others) through the prophet and the apostles passed away before Muhammad. [14] Muslims also believe that in addition to the Qur'an, the word of God throughout History have changed by humans. Referring to the above sentence, then Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the only book of God that is completely original and as a complement previous books.

Muslims believe that the religion professed by all the prophets and messengers of God's messengers since Adam is the same religion (monotheism | the same God), so of course Ibrahim also embraced monotheism as Hanif (pure), making this a Muslim. [15] [16] This view was put Islam with Judaism and Christianity in a religious family that believed in the Prophet Ibrahim. In the Koran, the Jews and Christians are often referred to as the People of the Book or the people who were given the Book.
Five Pillars of Islam
The main article for this section are: Pillars of Islam

Islam gives a lot of religious practice. Adherents are generally encouraged to hold the Five Pillars of Islam, the five pillars unite Muslims as a community. [17] Adds Five Pillars, Islamic law (sharia) has built a tradition of commands that have been touched on almost every aspect of life and society. This tradition encompasses everything from practical things like halal, banking, jihad and zakat. [18]

The contents of the five pillars of Islam are:

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    Say two sentences creed and believe that no right to be obeyed and worshiped properly except Allah alone, and believe that Muhammad is His slave and messenger of Allah.
    Establish obligatory prayers five times a day.
    Fasting the month of Ramadan.
    Paying zakat.
    Pilgrimage to Mecca for those who are able.

Six Pillars of Faith
The main article for this section are: Pillars of Faith

Muslims also believe in the Five Pillars of Faith consisted of 6 cases, namely:

    Faith in God
    Faith in God's angels
    Faith in the Book of Allāh (Al-Qur'an, Bible, Torah, Psalms and suhuf)
    Faith in the Prophets and Messengers of God
    Faith in the Day of Judgement
    Faith in Qada and Qadar


Teachings of Islam

Almost all Muslims belong to one of the two largest schools, the Sunni (85%) and Shia (15%). Problems occur due to differing views on who should lead the Muslims after the death of Muhammad. Islam is the predominant religion throughout the Middle East, as well as in most of North Africa and Asia. Large communities are also found in China, the Balkan Peninsula in Eastern Europe and Russia. There is also largely Muslim immigrant communities in other parts of the world, such as Western Europe. About 20% of Muslims live in Arab countries, [19] 30% in India and 15.6% subbenua in Indonesia, the largest Muslim country based on population. [20]

Countries with majority Sunni Muslims is Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan while the country with the majority Shia Islam is Iran and Iraq. Between Sunni and Shia doctrine differ on the issue of Imamate (leadership) and laying of Ahlul Bait (family of descendants of Muhammad). However, both Sunni and Shia in general holds together the pillars of Islam and the pillars of faith which is a fundamental aspect of faith in Islam although with different terminology.
God
The main article for this section is: Allah and Tawheed

Fundamental theological concept of Islam is monotheism, the belief in the oneness of God. Arabic term for God is god; most scientists [citation needed] believe the word of God derived from the abbreviation of the words al-(the) and ʾ ilah '(god, the masculine form), meaning to "God" (al-ilah'), but others stamped origin of the Aramaic Alāhā. [21] The word of God is also a word used by Christians (Christians) and the Jews as a translation of the Arabic ho theos of the New Testament and the Septuagint. The first of the Five Pillars of Islam, monotheism set forth in the creeds (recognition), which is testified:
'

لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله

There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah
'

The concept of monotheism is set out clearly and simply in the Qur'an in Surah Al-Ikhlas which translation is:

    Say: "He is Allah (God), the Almighty,
    God is a God who depend on Him everything,
    She did not have children and no begotten;
    and none like unto Him. "

The name "Allah" has no plural form and is not associated with a particular gender. In Islam, as presented in the Qur'an says:

    "(He is) the Creator of the heavens and the earth. He made for you of your own and pairs of animal species pairs (anyway), made him the way you breed it. There is nothing like unto Him, and He is the All Hearing and Seeing. " (Ash-Syu'ara '[42]: 11)

Allah is the name of God (gods) and the one and only God as his introduction to the man through the Qur'an:

    "Indeed I was God, there is no God (the right) but Me, so worship Me and establish salat to remember Me." (Ta Ha [20]: 14)

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The use of the word Allah linguistically indicates unity. Muslims believe that the God they worship is the same God Jews and Christians, in this case is the God of Abraham. However, Islam rejects the Christian doctrine concerning the Trinity understands where it is considered to be polytheism.

Quoting the Koran, An-Nisa '[4]: 71:

    "O People of the Book, do not transgress the limits in the religion, nor say of Allah anything but the truth. Indeed, the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah, and (who created his sentence) conveyed unto Mary, and (with a puff ) spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His apostles. And say: "God is three", stop from saying it. It's better for you. Verily Allah Almighty God. Maha holy God from having children, everything in the heavens and on earth belongs to Him. Sufficient is Allah as the Sustainer ".

In Islam, visualization or portrayal of God can not be justified, it is forbidden because it could lead to idolatry, and even contempt, for the Lord is not similar to anything (Ash-Syu'ara '[42]: 11). Instead, Muslims describe God in 99 name / title / epithet of God (Beautiful Names and Attributes) that describes the nature of His divinity, as contained in the Qur'an.
Al-Quran
The main article for this section are: Al Quran
Al-Fatiha is the first surah in the Qur'an

The Qur'an is the holy book of the Islamic Ummah which Allah revealed to Muhammad through the mediation of the Angel Gabriel. It literally means reading the Quran. But even heard referring to a book / book, Muslims the Qur'an itself refers more to words or phrases in them, not in the physical form as a result of mold.

Muslims believe that the Qur'an was delivered to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. The drop itself occurs gradually between the years 610 to 632 AD until his death Although the Qur'an more transferred through rote, but in addition many followers of Islam in those days who wrote on the bones, stones and leaves.

Muslims believe that the Qur'an is currently identical to that submitted to Muhammad, then submitted again to the disciples, who then memorize and write the contents of the Qur'an. In general, the scholars agree that the version of the Qur'an that exists today was first compiled during the Caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan (the 3rd Caliph of Islam) that ranged from 650 to 656 AD Uthman ibn Affan then send copies of this compilation versions all over the period of Muslim rule and ordered that all versions in addition to uniformity destroyed. [22]

The Qur'an has 114 chapters, and some 6236 verses (there is a difference depending on how the count). [23] Almost all Muslims memorize at least some portion of the whole Qur'an, those who memorize the entire Qur'an are known as hafiz (plural: huffaz). Achieving this is not something that is rare, it is believed that there are currently millions penghapal the Qur'an throughout the world. In Indonesia there are race Musabaqah Tilawatil Qur'an Qur'an reading contest with Tartil or good and true. That reading is called Qari (male) or Qariah (female).

Muslims also believe that the Holy Quran in Arabic only. The translation of the Qur'an into different languages ​​is not the Qur'an itself. Therefore the translation only has standing as a commentary on the Qur'an or form an attempt to find the meaning of the Qur'an, but not the Qur'an itself.
Prophet Muhammad S.A.W
The main article for this section are: Muhammad and the Hadith

Muhammad (570-632 AD) was the last prophet in Islam, which recognizes his Prophethood is one of the requirements to be called a Muslim (see creed). In Islam Muhammad is not positioned as a carrier of the new school, it is the end of a series of prophets who revealed earlier.

In spite of the high status as a prophet, Muhammad in the view of Islam is a human being. But every word and behavior in life believed to be the ideal form of a Muslim. Therefore, in Islam, the technical term which is a collection of sayings hadith (words), act, consent decree or Muhammad. Hadith is the main text (the source of law) both Islam after the Qur'an.
History
The main article for this section are: History of Islam
Before the arrival of Islam

Arabian Peninsula before the arrival of Islam is a regional trade crossing the Silk Road that linked Europe with Indo Asian region in the east. Most Arabs are heathens and there are some who are followers of religions Christianity and Judaism. Mecca is a holy place for the Arabs at the time, because there are idols of their religion, the lake of Zamzam, and most importantly the Kaaba. This society also called ignorance or in another sense stupid. Intelegensianya stupid here but not in the moral thinking. Residents Quraysh famous people who like poetry. They make poetry as one of the entertainment while gathered in crowded places.
The beginning
Countries with a Muslim population reaches 10% (predominantly Sunni green, red with the dominant Shiite) (Source - CIA World Factbook, 2004).

Islam began in the year 611 when the first revelation was revealed to the last messenger, Muhammad bin Abdullah at the Cave of Hira ', Saudi Arabia.

Muhammad was born in Mecca on 12th Rabiul Awal Year of the Elephant (571 BC). He was born in the middle of the Quraish tribe in the time of ignorance, in the life of the desert tribes were warlike, and worshiped idols. Muhammad was born in an orphan because his father Abdullah died when he was still in the womb. On when he was 6 years old, his mother Aminah died. Sepeninggalan mother, Muhammad was raised by his grandfather Abdul Muttalib, and continued by his uncle, Abu Talib. Muhammad married a widow named Siti Khadijah and live simply.
As-Sabiqun al-Awwalun
The main article for this section are: As-Sabiqun al-Awwalun

When Muhammad was 40 years old, he started getting revelations Angel Gabriel, and for some time afterwards began to teach Islam in private to his companions. After three years of preaching Islam in secret, he finally delivered the teachings of Islam openly to the entire population of Mecca, which partially accepted and others against it.
( kw ) Muslim Brotherhood
In 622 AD, Muhammad and his followers moved to Medina. This event is called the Hijrah, it becomes a point of reference the beginning of the Islamic calendar calculations. In Medina, Muhammad can unite people Ansar (the Muslims of Madinah) and muhajirin (the Muslims from Mecca), so that Muslims intensified. In any war waged against the infidels, the Muslims always get the victory. In this initial phase, the inevitable war between Mecca and Medina.

Muhammad diplomacy Excellence at Hudaibiyah treaty, causing Muslims entering the crucial phase. Many residents of Mecca before the enemy then turned to Islam, so that when the conquest of Mecca by the Muslims not bloodshed. When Muhammad died, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.
Rashidun Caliph
The main article for this section are: four caliphs

Rashidun Caliph or four caliphs leaders have the meanings given instructions, beginning with the leadership of Abu Bakr, and continued by the leadership of Umar bin Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan and Ali ibn Abu Talib. At the time of the Muslims achieve political and economic stability. Abu Bakr strengthen the foundations of the Muslim state and overcome the rebellion several Arab tribes that occurred after the death of Muhammad. Umar bin Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan and Ali ibn Abu Talib successfully led the army and the Muslims in general to preach Islam, particularly the Levant, Egypt, and Iraq. With the conquest of these countries, many spoils of war and the territory that can be achieved by Muslims.
The period of the next Caliphate

After a period of Rashidun Caliphate, the Muslim leadership changed from hand to hand with a leader who is also called the "caliphate", or sometimes called the "Commander of the Faithful", "sultan", and so on. During this period, the Caliph is no longer determined by the best people among Muslims, but for generations in a dynasty (Arabic: children) so much as the equivalent of the kingdom; such as the Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Bani, Bani Ottomans until all of which inherited by offspring.

( kw ) Fun Fact about Islam
The magnitude of the power of the Islamic Caliphate has made it one of the strongest political force and the largest in the world at that time. The emergence of learning places of religious sciences, philosophy, science, and Arabic grammar in the various regions of the Islamic world has been realizing the great continuity of Islamic culture. Many experts in science sprung from various Islamic countries, especially in the golden age of Islam around the 7th century to the 13th century BC.

The extent of the area spread of Islam and splitting rule of the caliphate that had begun in the 8th century, led to the emergence of separate power authorities in the form of "empire"; example Safavid Empire, Turkish Seljuk Sultanate, the Mughal Empire, Sultanate of Pasai Ocean and the Malacca Sultanate, which has become sultanates which has a strong and well-known authority in the world. Despite having separate powers, sultanates are nominally still respect and consider themselves part of the Islamic caliphate.

In the period of the 18th and the 19th century AD, many Islamic regions fell into the hands of the European invaders. Ottoman Sultanate (Ottoman Empire) were nominally considered the last Islamic Caliphate, finally collapsed after World War I. Royal ottoman at the time was headed by Sultan Muhammad V. Because they are less firmly by the young Turks led by mustafa kemal pasha or kemal Ataturk, overhauled and replaced the monarchy into a republic.
Demography
Quba Mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia.

It is now estimated there are between 1250 million and 1.4 billion Muslims throughout the world. Of these about 18% live in the Arab countries, 20% in Africa, 20% in Asia, 30% in South Asia ie Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The largest Muslim population in the country can be found in Indonesia. Muslim populations can also be found in significant numbers in the People's Republic of China, the United States, Europe, Central Asia, and Russia.

Growth Muslims believed to reach 2.9% per year, while the world population growth only reached 2.3%. The size makes Islam as a religion with followers of a relatively rapid growth in the world. [1]. Some opinions linking growth with high fertility in many Islamic countries (six of the ten countries in the world with the highest birth rate in the world is a Muslim-majority state. [2] But recently, a demographic study has stated that the birth rate of Muslim countries decreases to the level of Western countries. [3]
Big Day in Islam

    Idhul Adha / Eid Qurban
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Places of worship
The main article for this section are: Mosque

The house of worship is called a mosque or a Muslim mosque. Worship is usually done in the mosque among other prayers in congregation, religious services, celebrations, religious discussions, learning the Koran (Quran reading) and others.

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Label: Islam, Islamic

Islam | Islamic | Muslim

Islam | Islamic | muslim | Moslem

 

Islam Liberal Indonesia

Mengenai Islam Liberal Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL) or the Liberal Islam Network is a loose forum for discussing and disseminating the concept of islamic liberal in IndonesiaOne reason for its establishment is to counter the growing influence and activism of  Islam Way and radical Islam in Indonesia. The "official" description of JIL is "a community which is studying and bringing forth a discourse on Islamic vision that is tolerant, open and supportive for the strengthening of Indonesian democratization."

It was started from several meetings and discussions among young Muslim intellectuals in ISAI(Institut Studi Arus Informasi/Institute for the Studies on Free Flow of Information), Jakarta, and then extended through discussion using a mailing list, islamliberal@yahoogroups.com in early 2001. The founders held the first discussion on February 21, 2001, in Utan Kayu, Jakarta, on Akar-Akar Liberalisme Islam: Pengalaman Timur Tengah (The Roots of Islamic Liberalism: The Middle East Experience), presented by a young progressive scholar,Luthfi Assyalkanie. That meeting was followed by other discussions, either in the form of face-to-face meetings or through the mailing list.
Since mid 2001, the "official" name of Jaringan Islam Liberal has been used on their website, liberal islam, which displays their activities, articles, discussions, and relevant sources for the dissemination of liberal Islam. Their place of meeting and secretariat is in Teater Utan Kayu, Jakarta, a complex owned by Islam Chanel, a leading journalist and author, and used for arts performances and by non-governmental organizations. By now, the network is led by liberal young thinker, Ulil Abshar Abdalla, who is also the director of ICRP - Indonesian Conference on Religion Pacts .

Mission

For the proponents of JIL, using liberal Islam in the name of their forum is intended to make a clear point. Liberal Islam represents an Islam that emphasizes individual freedom in accordance with the Muta'zilah (or Mu'tazilite) doctrine of human freedom and liberation of socio-political structure from oppressive and undemocratic domination. The adjective "liberal" for the activists in JIL has two meanings: "being liberal" and "liberating." They use this adjective because they do not believe in Islam and The Koran, Islam without an adjective, since in reality Islam has many different interpretations. Therefore, liberal Islam is another variant of Islam and an alternative to Jaringan Islam Liberal, Islamic fundamentalism, radical Islam, and many others.

Activities

Since its inception, JIL has conducted many regular activities concerning public education. With the assistance from funding agencies such as facts on islam, JIL is able to voice liberal, tolerant aspirations and interpretations of Islam in Indonesia. Activities and programs of JIL include:

• Syndication of liberal Islam writers. This is the most important program undertaken by JIL. This program is intended to collect writings from authors who defend pluralism and inclusivism and disseminate them to local mass media which have difficulties in finding good writings and writers on those issues. This syndication provides selected articles, interviews, and sources every week for local newspapers.
• Talk-shows in the news office of Islamic Prayer Times, Jakarta. The talk-show, which interviews those who promote pluralism and an inclusive understanding of religion, is broadcast through 40 radio stations in the Namlapanha radio network across Indonesia. This program is the most effective effort to disseminate liberal Islam.
• Publication of books on liberal thoughts in religion.
• Publication of booklets or leaflets which contain a short article, interview, or abstract from books on controversial issues in religion.
• Publication of the JIL Islam Pacts for Children, which displays information and relevant writings on liberal Islam.
• Public service advertisements on television which contain messages for religious toleration and peaceful co-existence among different religious followers and pluralism in Islam.
• Discussion of Islam. With cooperation from other institutions, JIL arranges discussions on Islam with distinguished speakers from all over the world.
• Road-show doctrinate the idea of liberal Islam which are held on campuses in Indonesia with the cooperation of student organizations.